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81.
Lau JK Wong CH Ng PS Siu FM Ma NL Tsang CW 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2003,9(14):3383-3396
The potassium cation affinities (PCAs) of 136 ligands (20 classes) in the gas phase were established by hybrid density functional theory calculations (B3-LYP with the 6-311+G(3df,2p) basis set). For these 136 ligands, 70 experimental values are available for comparison. Except for five specific PCA values-those of phenylalanine, cytosine, guanine, adenine (kinetic-method measurement), and Me(2)SO (by high-pressure mass spectrometric equilibrium measurement)-our theoretical estimates and the experimental affinities are in excellent agreement (mean absolute deviation (MAD) of 4.5 kJ mol(-1)). Comparisons with previously reported theoretical PCAs are also made. The effect of substituents on the modes of binding and the PCAs of unsubstituted parent ligands are discussed. Linear relations between Li+/Na+ and K+ affinities suggest that for the wide range of ligands studied here, the nature of binding between the cations and a given ligand is similar, and this allows the estimation of PCAs from known Li+ and/or Na+ affinities. Furthermore, empirical equations relating the PCAs of ligands with their dipole moments, polarizabilities (or molecular weights), and the number of binding sites were established. Such equations offer a simple method for estimating the PCAs of ligands not included in the present study. 相似文献
82.
The synthesis of the first mesogenic hexaalkoxybenzo[b]triphenylene derivative is reported; this compound exhibits a broad columnar liquid crystal phase at temperatures only slightly above room temperature. 相似文献
83.
84.
We report on an intracavity optical parametric oscillator (OPO) placed within a compact diode-pumped Nd:YALO laser cavity. This OPO utilizes a pair of KTP crystals, which are diffusion bonded together in a walk-off-compensated configuration. We have generated up to 21.4 W of 2-mum radiation, operating in a few-kilohertz range. 相似文献
85.
To improve the productivities of an automated container terminal, it is important to schedule different types of handling
equipment in an integrated way. A mixed-integer programming model, which considers various constraints related to the integrated
operations between different types of handling equipment, is formulated. A heuristic algorithm, called multi-layer genetic
algorithm (MLGA) is developed with a view to overcome the computation difficulty for solving the mathematical model. A numerical
experimentation is carried out in order to evaluate the performance of the algorithm. 相似文献
86.
87.
Self-Affine Sets and Graph-Directed Systems 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Abstract. A self-affine set in R
n
is a compact set T with A(T)= ∪
d∈ D
(T+d) where A is an expanding n× n matrix with integer entries and D
={d
1
, d
2
,···, d
N
} ⊂ Z
n
is an N -digit set. For the case N = | det(A)| the set T has been studied in great detail in the context of self-affine tiles. Our main interest in this paper is to consider the
case N > | det(A)| , but the theorems and proofs apply to all the N . The self-affine sets arise naturally in fractal geometry and, moreover, they are the support of the scaling functions in
wavelet theory. The main difficulty in studying such sets is that the pieces T+d, d∈ D, overlap and it is harder to trace the iteration. For this we construct a new graph-directed system to determine whether
such a set T will have a nonvoid interior, and to use the system to calculate the dimension of T or its boundary (if T
o
≠ ). By using this setup we also show that the Lebesgue measure of such T is a rational number, in contrast to the case where, for a self-affine tile, it is an integer. 相似文献
88.
89.
Anthony To-Ming Lau 《Journal of Functional Analysis》2008,254(10):2513-2533
In this paper, we explore the properties of projections of norm one on general Banach algebras, in particular the relation with conditional expectations for algebras which arise in harmonic analysis. 相似文献
90.
In this paper, we shall establish a fixed point property on Fréchet spaces for left reversible semitopological semigroups generalizing some classical results. 相似文献